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Dehkan farm
A dehkan farm ((ウズベク語:деҳқон хўжаликлари), (タジク語:хоҷагиҳои деҳқонӣ (фермерӣ)), (トルクメン語:daýhan hojalyk), (ロシア語:дехканские хозяйства); all from (ペルシア語:دهقان)) is a term for an individual or family farm in Central Asia. Originally a Persian word used by the Sassanid Empire, it is still utilized in the classification systems of several regional governments.
==Uzbekistan==
In Uzbekistan, household plots were reclassified as "dehkan farms" in 1998, at which time the Law of Dehkan Farms was passed.〔Lerman 2008, 482.〕 Around 60% of all agricultural production in the country comes from dehkan farms,〔Lerman 2008, 492.〕 which control less than 5% of arable land in the country and average less than 0.2 hectares in size.〔Lerman 2008, 488, 495.〕
The small dehkan farms grow vegetables and raise livestock. Scale crops, such as wheat and cotton, are usually grown on larger peasant farms (average size more than 40 hectares〔) and on the few remaining ''shirkats'' (former collective farms). All agricultural land in Uzbekistan is owned by the state. While this situation allows the state to demand certain performance and production standards from larger farms, dehkan farms are allowed to grow whatever the farmers wish. Additionally, unlike larger farms where leases must be renewed, leases for dehkan farms are lifetime holdings and can be transferred through inheritance. They cannot, however, be sold or given to someone outside the family as a gift.〔Lerman 2008, 484-486.〕
Dehkan farms own 93% of all cattle in Uzbekistan.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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